50 research outputs found
A HYBRID TRANSLATION THEORY FOR EU TEXTS
EU texts are produced by way of multilingual negotiation in a supranational multicultural discourse community, where there is no linguistically neutral ground and where the internationalisation of concepts and ideas is a sine qua non. As a result, they are idiosyncratic texts, reflecting specific textual features. Their translation in the current 23 official EU languages is equally idiosyncratic and challenging, to say the least, especially since it is shaped under the EUâs overwhelming cultural and linguistic diversity, the constraints of its policy of multilingualism, and the subsequent policy of linguistic equality which states that all languages are equal, or âequally authenticâ (Wagner, Bech, Martinez 2002, 7), and that translations are not really translations but language versions. In other words, in the framework of EU translation, the terms source text (ST) and target text (TT) cease to exist, while the prima facie illusory notion of âequivalenceâ seems to resurfaceâthough altered in natureâand dominate the translation practice. It thus goes without saying that in the case of EU texts and their translation a tailor-made theoretical framework is required where many classic concepts of Translation Studies (TS), such as ST, TT and equivalence need to be re-evaluated and redefined, and at the same time functionalist approaches and the postmodernist concepts of intertextuality, hybridity and in-betweenness need to come to the fore. The proposed translation theory for EU texts flaunts the feature inherent in their production, it isâjust like themâhybrid
Translation crowdsourcing: creating a multilingual corpus of online educational content
The present work describes a multilingual corpus of online content in the educational domain, i.e. Massive Open Online Course
material, ranging from course forum text to subtitles of online video lectures, that has been developed via large-scale crowdsourcing.
The English source text is manually translated into 11 European and BRIC languages using the CrowdFlower platform. During the
process several challenges arose which mainly involved the in-domain text genre, the large text volume, the idiosyncrasies of each
target language, the limitations of the crowdsourcing platform, as well as the quality assurance and workflow issues of the
crowdsourcing process. The corpus constitutes a product of the EU-funded TraMOOC project and is utilised in the project in order to
train, tune and test machine translation engines
A Comparative Quality Evaluation of PBSMT and NMT using Professional Translators
This paper reports on a comparative evaluation of phrase-based statistical machine translation
(PBSMT) and neural machine translation (NMT) for four language pairs, using the PET interface to compare educational domain output from both systems using a variety of metrics,
including automatic evaluation as well as human rankings of adequacy and fluency, error-type
markup, and post-editing (technical and temporal) effort, performed by professional translators.
Our results show a preference for NMT in side-by-side ranking for all language pairs, texts, and
segment lengths. In addition, perceived fluency is improved and annotated errors are fewer in
the NMT output. Results are mixed for perceived adequacy and for errors of omission, addition, and mistranslation. Despite far fewer segments requiring post-editing, document-level
post-editing performance was not found to have significantly improved in NMT compared to
PBSMT. This evaluation was conducted as part of the TraMOOC project, which aims to create
a replicable semi-automated methodology for high-quality machine translation of educational
data
Enhancing Access to Online Education: Quality Machine Translation of MOOC Content
Contains fulltext :
162505.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)The International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC) 2016, 23 mei 201
Improving Machine Translation of Educational Content via Crowdsourcing
The limited availability of in-domain training data is a major issue in the training of application-specific neural machine translation
models. Professional outsourcing of bilingual data collections is costly and often not feasible. In this paper we analyze the influence of
using crowdsourcing as a scalable way to obtain translations of target in-domain data having in mind that the translations can be of a
lower quality. We apply crowdsourcing with carefully designed quality controls to create parallel corpora for the educational domain
by collecting translations of texts from MOOCs from English to eleven languages, which we then use to fine-tune neural machine
translation models previously trained on general-domain data. The results from our research indicate that crowdsourced data collected
with proper quality controls consistently yields performance gains over general-domain baseline systems, and systems fine-tuned with
pre-existing in-domain corpora
Translation, interpreting, cognition: The way out of the box
Cognitive aspects of the translation process have become central in Translation and Interpreting Studies in recent years, further establishing the field of Cognitive Translatology. Empirical and interdisciplinary studies investigating translation and interpreting processes promise a hitherto unprecedented predictive and explanatory power. This collection contains such studies which observe behaviour during translation and interpreting. The contributions cover a vast area and investigate behaviour during translation and interpreting â with a focus on training of future professionals, on language processing more generally, on the role of technology in the practice of translation and interpreting, on translation of multimodal media texts, on aspects of ergonomics and usability, on emotions, self-concept and psychological factors, and finally also on revision and post-editing. For the present publication, we selected a number of contributions presented at the Second International Congress on Translation, Interpreting and Cognition hosted by the Tra&Co Lab at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
Translation, interpreting, cognition: The way out of the box
Cognitive aspects of the translation process have become central in Translation and Interpreting Studies in recent years, further establishing the field of Cognitive Translatology. Empirical and interdisciplinary studies investigating translation and interpreting processes promise a hitherto unprecedented predictive and explanatory power. This collection contains such studies which observe behaviour during translation and interpreting. The contributions cover a vast area and investigate behaviour during translation and interpreting â with a focus on training of future professionals, on language processing more generally, on the role of technology in the practice of translation and interpreting, on translation of multimodal media texts, on aspects of ergonomics and usability, on emotions, self-concept and psychological factors, and finally also on revision and post-editing. For the present publication, we selected a number of contributions presented at the Second International Congress on Translation, Interpreting and Cognition hosted by the Tra&Co Lab at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz
Translation, interpreting, cognition: The way out of the box
Cognitive aspects of the translation process have become central in Translation and Interpreting Studies in recent years, further establishing the field of Cognitive Translatology. Empirical and interdisciplinary studies investigating translation and interpreting processes promise a hitherto unprecedented predictive and explanatory power. This collection contains such studies which observe behaviour during translation and interpreting. The contributions cover a vast area and investigate behaviour during translation and interpreting â with a focus on training of future professionals, on language processing more generally, on the role of technology in the practice of translation and interpreting, on translation of multimodal media texts, on aspects of ergonomics and usability, on emotions, self-concept and psychological factors, and finally also on revision and post-editing. For the present publication, we selected a number of contributions presented at the Second International Congress on Translation, Interpreting and Cognition hosted by the Tra&Co Lab at the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz